Midland was originally established in 1881 as an intermediate station on the Texas Pacific Railway. It was named Midway between Fort Worth and El Paso. However, since there was already a town called Midway in Texas, the name was changed to Midland in 1984 and the first post office was also approved. In March 1885, when Midland County was established after Tomgreen County was separated from Tomwnd County, Midland became the district office location. In 1890, it became the most important cattle shipping center in the state. The city system was established in 1906, and the first fire station and new water supplies were established in 1910.

In 1923, when oil was found in the Permian Basin, the fate of Midland changed. The first oil well started producing in Ligan County, followed by the Yates field in Iran. Soon, Midland was transformed into the administrative center of the West Texas oil field. After the World War II, the second boom came, and the discovery and development of the Sprbury Trend was positioned as the third largest oil field in Japan. In addition, in the 1970s, oil prices increased in relation to the oil and energy crisis, which led to another boom. Even today, the Permian Basin produces one-fifth of domestic oil and natural gas production.

Midland's economy still depends heavily on oil. However, the area has also been diversified as a center for local communication and distribution. In August 2006, the production of crude oil was very busy and the labor force was extremely short. According to the Midland Chamber of Commerce, at that time there were more than 2,000 jobs in the Permian Basin, but they could not meet the requirement.

Several writers have written the history of Midland.

• John Ward Griffin wrote the history of Midland in "High Sky Land" in 1959.
• D. Lance Lanford wrote "Rainbow Shadow: The Truth About the Rescue of Baby Jessica and the Tragedy After" and was published in 2006.
• Tim Clays wrote "Midland, Texas: Oasis in the Dark" and made a short documentary film. It was made based on stories from the Midland County History Association and Judge John Hyde, and was released on DVD in 2007.

Abery v. Midland County

In 1967, the Supreme Court of the United States of America heard 'The Incident of Avery versus Midland County.' The mayor of Midland, Hank Abery, has filed an objection to the zoning of electors on the effectiveness of the county commissioners election. Although the division of counties was geographically divided into four sections, Midland City was one of four sections, and the population of the counties accounted for 97% of the whole county, although it was in the northwestern area. The commissioners selected in the whole county had the fifth voting right, but three were selected from the Dennobe district, which had only three percent of the county's population, and they were able to become a majority.

The majority of the Supreme Court's opinions stated that the inequalities in the zoning violate the Article 14 of the Amendment to the Constitution of the United States of America. In a minority opinion, Judge Earl Warren's case of policy regarding the institutionalization at the local government level would transcend the powers prescribed in the Supreme Court's Constitution.

Midland is 32 degrees, 0 minutes, 18 seconds north latitude, 102 degrees, 5 minutes, 57 seconds west longitude, 32.00500 degrees north latitude, 102.09917 degrees west longitude, 32.00500 degrees; -102.09917. It is located in the Palmian basin in western Texas. According to the National Census Bureau, the total area of the city is 66.8 square miles (173.0 km²), of which the land area is 66.6 square miles (172.5 km²), the water area is 0.2 square miles (0.5 km 2), and the water area is 0.28%.

Bank of America, Midland's Tallest Building

Midland has a nickname of 'Tall City,' and has been known for its central city Skyline. Most of the central office buildings were built in the Permian Basin when oil and gas were discovered. The high energy prices in the mid-1980s triggered a construction boom in this central town. Between Fort Worth and Phoenix, Arizona, the 22-story Wilco Building continued to be the tallest building. The tallest building in Midland today is the 24-story Bank of America, with a height of 332 feet (101 meters). In the 1980s, four buildings of more than 500 feet (150 meters) were planned. Some of them were designed by internationally famous architect I.M. Pay. However, due to the oil recession in the mid-1980s, all the plans for high rise buildings were destroyed. Of the 40 tall buildings in the midland today, five of them are completely empty.

a former Midland County Office on Wall Street, turning north from the Midland Hilton towers

The recovery of the energy-driven economy has led to the development of multipurpose development in the central area. As a result, some old buildings are aging and there are plans to rebuild them. In the beginning of 2000, Permian Building and Giles Tower were dismantled. These two buildings are used as parking lots. On November 8, 2008, the 14-story Midland Savings Building built in 1959 was demolished. The building used to have a midland office in Texaco, but the office was moved to the Heritage Building. The Metro Building and the First National Bank Building in the same block are beginning to be dismantled. The Summit Building in Melienfeld North 300 was the first Midland building to be published in 3D mode of Google Earth. The Department of Geography and Information System in Midland City is promoting a long-term plan to further three-dimensionally build in the central city.

gallery

The main campus of Midland College is the Allison Art Building, which houses the McCormick Gallery. In this gallery, the exhibits are changed all year round and the works examined by the students, teachers, other artists and the Midland Arts Assembly are on display. The McCormick Art Gallery contains the Studio 3600 series, which was installed in 2006. "It will provide the opportunity to spotlight selected artistic scientists and to display important works that can identify styles that have been created in one era."

entertainment

Midland Odessa Symphony & Collard is the largest symphony orchestra that has been performing in the Palmian basin for more than 45 years and has held pop and masterpiece concerts throughout the year. The members include professional musicians from the Midland region, Lubbok, San Angelo and other surrounding cities. Three chamber music groups also belong to Lone Star Brass, Permian Basin String Quartet and West Texas Winds. These chamber musicians comprise the main musicians of the orchestra who come from all over the country to the region.

Barbara Bush, Laura Bush, George H. W. Bush and Joseph I. O'Neill III, a photo of George W. Bush's childhood house released in 2006

The Midland Community Theater Company has been working in the Palmian Basin since 1946 and plays musical, comedy, drama, mystery, children's plays and melodramas. He has 15 performances a year at Davis Theater I (485 seats) and Maybe Theater (155 seats) in Cole Theater, and he has "Natsu no Mugon Geki" (Silent Play of Summer), which is funded every year at the historic Yuka Theater. There are a wide range of educational programs, including Pick WICK PLAYERS (a theater company in their teens), theater schools and community service classes. The company is run by 20 professional staff members, depending on the hard work and service of hundreds of volunteers in the Permian Basin, producing performances throughout the year. The Midland Community Theater Company was a member of the American Community Theater Association and hosted the 2006 International Theater Festival, organized by the Association.

Twice a year, the Philis and Bob Kowan Show Art Series held at Midland College offers free cultural and show performances in "International interests and ranges to stimulate and inspire the Midland Art Society" and entertains the entire community. The series started in 1999, and has since invited many selected entertainers including André Watts, Eloka Trio, Moscow Shonen Choral Choir, Flying Karamazov Brothers, Reservation Hall Jazz Band, 3 Mo' Divas, Valley Forcrico de Mexico de Amalia Hernandes and China Golden Dragon Team.

sightseeing

Midland, located on the southern edge of Llano Estaad and near the center of the Palmian Basin field, has long been focused on oil exploration and extraction. The Permian Basin Petroleum Museum provides information about the oil industry in the suburbs of Midland, near Inter-State Highway 20. The museum exhibits history, science and technology on the development of oil and gas. A collection of race cars designed by Jim Hall, who has lived in Midland for a long time and started to use aerodynamic force to design the Formula One Racer, is also on display.

There is also the Southwest Museum in the city. The museum houses a collection of paintings by various members of the Tuos Artists Association and Carl Bodmer, as well as prints by John J. Audubon and John W. Audubon. The same site as the museum is the Children's Museum and the Marianne W. Breakmore Planetarium. The Southwest Museum uses the Turner Residence, which was built in 1934 by Fred and Juliet's Turner House.

The Royal Air Force has its headquarters in Midland. Next to this is the American Air Force Historical Heritage Museum. This museum has been certified by the American Museum Association, and exhibits and stores World War II aircraft and monuments, as well as collections of North Art (various paintings drawn on the airframe of military aircraft) and panels. The museum allows you to see 14 or 20 aircraft on display in the Memorial Air Force hangar. The research library and the archives have collections based on an important tradition, and have general access to information sources in the museum.

At the Midland County Museum of History, a reproduction of "Midland Woman," the skeleton of a Clovis cultural woman found near the city in 1953, is on display. Dr. Curtis R. McKinney's study of uranium-thorium analysis showed that the bones were 11,600 years ago plus or minus 800 years ago. Dr. McKinney reported the results at the annual meeting of the American Geologists Association in 1992 and said, "Midland Women are concerned with the common ancestry of today's Indians and are most likely to be the only representatives of those who have created Clovis culture."

visiting lecture

The Davidson Famous Lecture Series, held twice a year at Midland College, is a free public lecture by "a lecturer known throughout the country for its academic achievements, citizen guidance, or public achievements." The automobile started in 1996, and the past has included Ken Barnes, Richard Leakey, Bill Moyers, Mark Russell, Sandra Dei O Conor, Richard Rodrigues, B. Moselia Fudea, Anna Fudei Neilson, Neilerich Neirich, and a Negrocer Neilson.

sport

Midland Rockhounds, a minor league baseball team in the Texas League, is based in Midland. It is an AA team under the umbrella of Auckland Athletics. Since 2002, the CityBank Stadium has been the home ground.

West Texas United Sockers is a soccer club established in 2008. In the U.S. soccer world, it belongs to the Premier Development League of the United Soccer League, which is the fourth tier, and it becomes the Midsouth Division of the Southern Conference. The home ground is the Grand Communications Stadium.

West Texas Dryers, a minor professional football player, is also based in Midland. Some home games are held at Grande Communications Stadium and others at Memorial Stadium.

Midland College is a member of the Western Junior College Movement Council and takes part in baseball, men's and women's basketball, men's golf, softball and volleyball. Since 1975, he has won 20 sports championships and 192 players have been chosen as All-American.

There is a plan to build 35 tennis court facilities called the Midland Tennis Center.

Midland Mud Dog Rugby Club, a member of Texas Rugby Union Division III, is also based in Midland.

Media

There are ten local TV stations in the city. There is a religious TV station that broadcasts a program pro-Israeli. The local newspaper is "Midland Reporter Telegram."

Many movies have been shot in and around Midland. For example, Hangar 18, Waltz Across Texas, Fandango, Blood Simple, Hard Country, Friday Night Lights, Old Rookie, Melchiades Estrada, Everybody's Baby: The Rescue of Jessica McClure.

In the TV drama "Heroes," many episodes from the first season, the area of Midland and Odessa became the center of the house of the Bennett family and the scene of the reminiscent restaurant Bernd Toast Diner.

Midlands have a stepped climate and are characterized by hot summer and warm and dry winter. It is sometimes exposed to cold waves during the winter, but usually it does not get so cold. It has an annual rainfall of about 14.8 inches (376 mm), and it rains mainly in the summer.

The following is demographic data from the 2000 census.

city government

According to the city's comprehensive annual fiscal report, the city's budget is $57.3 million in revenue and $53 million in spending, with total assets of $363.4 million, total liabilities of $133.9 million, cash and investments of $75 million.

state and federal government

The Texas Criminal Justice Department runs the headquarters of the Midland Probation Office Region V.

The United States Post Office operates the Midland Post Office, the Clydesta, the central town, the Graves and the Village Post Offices, which are located in the Midland International Airport site.

According to the Midland City's comprehensive annual financial report, the 10 main employers in the city are as follows:

In 2016, the United States Geological Survey announced that the Shale Oil Field, which stretches from the Midland to the Lubbock, is the largest oil field ever found in the United States.

• On August 31, 2019, the Midland Shooting Incident occurred. 7 dead and many injured. The criminal was shot to death while running away at Odessa.

college and university

In the city, there is Midland College, which issues associate degrees and certificates for more than 50 subjects. More than 6,000 students enter each semester. Some programs teach health science, information technology and aviation, and train professional pilots. One of only three colleges in Texas is a community college that has been approved to grant bachelor's degree in applied technology.

From the Texas Institute of Technology's Health Science Center on the campus of Midland College, you can learn the Doctor's Assistant Course. In the beginner course, the assistant doctor master is given 27 months of enhanced learning and practice.

Kaplan University also offers a number of departments and teaches criminal justice, computer technology and health sciences.

school

There are three public high schools in the city, including Midland High School. All belong to the Midland Independent School District. Graduates who aim at college usually enter state universities. Texas Tech University, University of Texas, University of Texas State, and University of Abilene Christian are popular. However, in recent years, some students go on to Northwestern University and Yale University.

The Early College High School, which was newly established on the campus of Midland College, received a new student on August 24, 2009. The purpose of this school is 'Those who have graduated from high school will also receive a Associate Degree from Midland College.'

There are seven private schools in the city, including Hillcrest School. There are also three other charter schools.

library

• Midland County Library
• J. Ebetsu Haley Memorial Library and History Hall
• Murray L. Fasken Learning Resource Center in Midland College

traffic

Midland International Airport is being used by residents of Midland, neighboring Odessa and western Texas, as well as southeastern New Mexico. The airport is believed to be the entrance to the Big Bend area and Big Bend National Park in Texas. In the entire city, there is a public bus service operated by the Midland Odessa Transportation Administration Office for the Midland Odessa urban transportation area, and it is also called the Easy Rider.

• Ernest Angelo Jr., former Mayor of Midland, co-chairs the Ronald Reagan campaign in 1976 and 1980
• Kathy Baker, actress
• author of the Raymond Benson and James Bond series
• Mookie Braylock NBA basketball players
• Barbara Bush, Former First Lady
• daughter of former President George W. Bush
• George H. W. Bush, former president
• George W. Bush, former president
• Jeb Bush, former Governor of Florida
• daughter of former President George W. Bush
• Laura Bush, Former First Lady
• Jim Hall, Racer Designer, Owner Driver
• Woody Harrelson, Actor
• Tommy Lee Jones, actor
• Bessie Love, Actress
• Wahu McDaniel, Professional Wrestler, and American football players
• Douglas McGrath, film writer and director
• MLB Major League Baseball player Cincinnati Reds
• Jackson Rasbourne, actor
• Mike Stanton, MLB Major League Baseball player, Cincinnati Red
• Mike Timlin, MLB Major League Baseball player, Boston Red Sox
• NBA basketball players on the Spad Web

Midland connects the four cities in the world with sister cities.

• It is close to the second largest oil field in China and Dongying City, Shandong Province, China.
• Waral, MD
• Guyana, New Amsterdam
• Chihuahua, Chihuahua, Mexico

• City of Midland, Texas
• Odessa-Midland Area Radio Stations
• Midland from the Handbook of Texas Online
• Midland Reporter-Telegram
• Midland College